41.1.2.1. Tire Property File

The .tir file and the .rdf file are needed to use the GTire. These files are used to the STI (Standard Tire Interface) format and the TNO Tire and COSIN FTire also use the format. So, the user should add the VENDER_TIRE_TYPE parameter to the .tir file of GTire for dividing the provider of the tire model and the model type. This parameter must exist in the [MODEL] category of the .tir file.

Table 41.1 VENDER_TIRE_TYPE

Tire Model	VENDER_TIRE_TYPE
TNO MF (license provide from FB)	TNO-MF
TNO SWIFT (license provide from TNO)	TNO-SWIFT
COSIN FTire	COSIN-FTIRE
RecurDyn UAtire	RD-UA
User Tire (using General Tire Interface)	RD-USER

41.1.2.1.1. UATire Property File

The existing UATire of RecurDyn does not need the tire property file. But the GTire needs the tire property file and the property file of the UATire for the GTire entity is as follows.

Sample Files: <Install Dir>\Toolkits\GTire\RECURDYN_UA\tire_files\

Parameter definition

• UNLOADED_RADIUS: Tire unloaded radius (R1)

• WIDTH: Tire width for creating the geometry

• RIM_RADIUS: Rim radius for creating the geometry.

• RADIAL_STIFFNESS: Radial stiffness (\(K\))

• RADIAL_DAMPING_RATIO: Radial damping ratio (\(C\))

• LONGITUDINAL_STIFFNESS: Longitudinal stiffness (\({{K}_{s}}\)) by the slip ratio

• LATERAL_STIFFNESS: Lateral stiffness (\({{K}_{\alpha }}\)) by the slip angle

• CAMBER_STIFFNESS: Lateral stiffness (\({{K}_{\gamma }}\)) by the camber angle

• ROLLING_RESISTANCE: Rolling resistance moment coefficient (\({{C}_{r}}\))

• FRICTION_MAX: Maximum friction coefficient (\({{\mu }_{s}}\))

• FRICTION_MIN: Minimum friction coefficient (\({{\mu }_{d}}\))

For more expressions of the UATire, refer to UATire Model.

41.1.2.1.2. USER Tire Property File

The GTire for the user tire needs the tire property file, as follows.

To use the User Tire of GTire, VENDER_TIRE_TYPE and USUB_DLL must be set. USUB_DLL must be set with relative path from RecurDyn model. Also, to create the Tire body, DIMENSION block must be set as below tire property file. Additional user parameters can be added repeatedly.

[HEDER] FILE_TYPE = ‘tir’ $—————————————————————-units [UNITS] LENGTH = ‘mm’ FORCE = ‘newton’ ANGLE = ‘radians’ MASS = ‘kg’ TIME = ‘second’ $—————————————————————-model [MODEL] VENDER_TIRE_TYPE = ‘RD-USER’ USUB_DLL = ‘.GTIRE_USUBGTIRE_USUB.dll’ $———————————————————–dimensions [DIMENSION] $-Tire Dimension 205-60-R14 UNLOADED_RADIUS = 300.8 WIDTH = 205.0 RIM_RADIUS = 177.8 $————————————————————-parameter [PARAMETER] USER_DEFINE_PARAM1 = 100.0 USER_DEFINE_PARAM2 = 200.0 USER_DEFINE_PARAM3 = 300.0

41.1.2.1.3. MFTire Property File

The property file of the MFTire is same to the property file of the existing MFTire. The user should add the VENDER_TIRE_TYPE parameter and if the user uses the TNO Tire, the user can set various options by the USE_MODE parameter as follows. The next lines are only used by RecurDyn, Adams and ignored by other MBS codes.

Table 41.2 User Mode

Option Number	Option Description
0	Fz only, no Magic Formula evaluation
1	Fx,My only
2	Fy,Mx,Mz only
3	Fx,Fy,Mx,My,Mz uncombined force/moment calculation
4	Fx,Fy,Mx,My,Mz combined force/moment calculation
5	Fx,Fy,Mx,My,Mz combined force/moment calculation + turn slip
+0	steady state behavior
+10	including relaxation behavior
+20	including relaxation behavior (nonlinear)
+30	including rigid ring dynamics
+100	smooth road contact
+200	smooth road contact (circular cross section, motorcycles)
+300	moving road (default for RecurDyn GRoad)
+400	road contact for 2D roads (using travelled distance)
+500	road contact for 3D roads

Example

• USE_MODE = 334 implies

  • combined slip

  • rigid ring dynamics

  • moving road

• Users want to use 2D road than USE_MODE set to 14 or 4 as below.

  • USE_MODE = 14

In case of the tire model provided by TNO, the value of VENDER_TIRE_TYPE should be TNO-MF or TNO-SWIFT. If the user uses SWIFT, the user should type VENDER_TIRE_TYPE to TNO-SWIFT and the user must use the independent license provided by TNO. If the user uses MFTire, the user should type VENDER_TIRE_TYPE to TNO-MF and the user does not need to use the independent license provided by TNO. But, in case of MFTire, the user cannot perform an analysis by the Rigid Ring Dynamic (USE_MODE = x3x) setting.

Sample Files: <Install Dir>\Toolkits\GTire\TNO_MF_SWIFT\tire_files\

For more information of the MFTire or the SWIFT Tire, refer to MFTire Model.

[HEADER] FILE_TYPE =’tir’ $—————————————————————-units [UNITS] LENGTH =’meter’ FORCE =’newton’ ANGLE =’radians’ MASS =’kg’ TIME =’second’ $—————————————————————-model [MODEL] VENDER_TIRE_TYPE = ‘TNO-MF’ LONGVL = 16.7 $Nominal speed VXLOW = 1 $Lower boundary of slip calculation ROAD_INCREMENT = 0.01 $Increment in road sampling ROAD_DIRECTION = 1 $Direction of travelled distance USE_MODE = 314 $———————————————————–dimensions [DIMENSION] UNLOADED_RADIUS = 0.3135 $Free tyre radius WIDTH = 0.205 $Nominal section width of the tyre RIM_RADIUS = 0.1905 $Nominal rim radius RIM_WIDTH = 0.152 $Rim width ASPECT_RATIO = 0.6 $Nominal aspect ratio $————————————————-operating conditions [OPERATING_CONDITIONS] INFLPRES = 220000 $Tyre inflation pressure NOMPRES = 220000 $Nominal tyre inflation pressure

41.1.2.1.4. FTire Property File

The property file of FTire by COSIN is same to the property file of the existing MFTire. When creating the property file in the COSIN, the animation flag must be turned off. The user should add the VENDER_TIRE_TYPE parameter as follows. RecurDyn recommend setting Maximum Time Step smaller than 1.0e-3.

Figure 41.4 Animation Flag in COSIN

Sample Files: <Install Dir>\Toolkits\GTire\COSIN_FTIRE\tire_files\

$——————————————————————–MDI_HEADER [MDI_HEADER] FILE_TYPE = ‘tir’ FILE_VERSION = 7.0 FILE_FORMAT = ‘ASCII’ (COMMENTS) {comment_string} ‘Tire Manufacturer - n/a’ ‘Tire Type - n/a’ ‘Tire Dimension - 195/65 R 15 91S 6.0J’ ‘Pressure - 2.00 bar’ ‘File Generation Date - 2012/10/26 11:40’ $————————————————————————-SHAPE [SHAPE] $these data are not used by FTire, but only by the calling solver {radial width} 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 $————————————————————————-UNITS [UNITS] FORCE = ‘newton’ MASS = ‘kg’ LENGTH = ‘mm’ TIME = ‘sec’ ANGLE = ‘deg’ $———————————————————————DOE_PARAM [DOE_PARAM] $use up to 20 factors p1, p2, p3,.. to modify parameters in [FTIRE_DATA] $these values might be overwritten, depending on environment p1 = 1 $ - p2 = 1 $ - p3 = 1 $ - $etc. $———————————————————————DIMENSION [DIMENSION] $these data are not used by FTire, but only by the calling solver unloaded_radius = 317.3733 $ mm width = 195 $ mm aspect_ratio = 0.65 $ - rim_radius = 190.5 $ mm rim_width = 152.4 $ mm $———————————————————————-VERTICAL [VERTICAL] $these data are not used by FTire, but only by the calling solver vertical_stiffness = 169.1 $ N/mm vertical_damping = 0 $ Ns/mm $————————————————————————-MODEL [MODEL] VENDER_TIRE_TYPE = ‘COSIN-FTIRE’ property_file_format = ‘USER’ gravity = ‘earth’ tire_construction = ‘pneumatic_tire’ tire_side = ‘asis’ n_tire_states = 30 $ - run_time_mode = 0 $ 0..4 diagnosis_mode = 0 $ 0 or 1 statics_accuracy = 0 $ 0,1,2 activate_tread_pattern = 0 $ 0 or 1 activate_thermal_model = 0 $ 0 or 1 activate_tread_wear_model = 0 $ 0,1,2,3 activate_side_wall_model = 0 $ 0 or 1 activate_air_vibration_model = 0 $ 0,1,2 activate_flexible_rim_model = 0 $ 0,1,2 separate_animation = 104000010 $ div. additional_output_file = 0 $ 0,1,2 log_file = 1 $ 0,1,2 verbose = 0 $ 0 or 1 save_contact_forces = 0 $ 0 or 1 save_geometry = 0 $ 0 or 1 save_belt_states = 0 $ 0 or 1 save_tread_depths = 0 $ 0 or 1 save_wheel_envelope = 0 $ 0 or 1 append_pp_data_to_this_file = 1 $ 0 or 1 output_end = 999 $ s animation_end = 999 $ s road_grid_line_dist = 50 $ mm road_grid_size = 2000 $ mm force_scaling = 1 $ - $———————————————————-OPERATING_CONDITIONS [OPERATING_CONDITIONS] inflation_pressure = 2 $ bar tread_depth = 8 $ mm ambient_temperature = 20 $ degC road_surface_temperature = 30 $ degC $————————————————————————–DATA [FTIRE_DATA] $……………………………………………….basic data and geometry tire_section_width = 195 $ mm tire_aspect_ratio = 65 $ % rim_diameter = 381 $ mm load_index = 91 $ - speed_symbol = ‘S’ rim_width = 152.4 $ mm rolling_circumference = 1925 $ mm tire_mass = 9 $ kg belt_width = 170 $ mm tread_width = 170 $ mm belt_lat_curvature_radius = 800 $ mm $…………………………….static and modal data for 1st infl. pressure first_deflection = 10 $ mm second_deflection = 20 $ mm